The foil is a light and flexible weapon with high precision and speed. Points are earned by striking the opponent's torso with the sword's tip. This discipline stresses strategy and finesse since fencers must attack their opponent's target area while defending their own. The foil's right-of-way or priority rules determine who scores in the event of a simultaneous touch.

The épée, the heaviest of the three weapons used in fencing, is distinguished by its hard and thick blade. Points can be scored by hitting any portion of the opponent's body with the tip, making it the only weapon in fencing where the entire body is considered a viable target. There is no right of way in épée, so simultaneous touches can result in points for both fencers, promoting a more careful and systematic approach to fighting.

The sabre is a lightweight weapon that may be used for cutting and thrusting, distinguishing it from the épée and foil. Points are earned by striking the opponent's upper torso, arms, or head with either the tip or edge of the blade. Sabre is recognized for its fast-paced and aggressive style, with right-of-way rules similar to foil used to determine scoring when many touches occur simultaneously. The emphasis is on speed, control, and the ability to launch fast assaults and defenses.